#5192. Problem 2. Favorite Colors
Problem 2. Favorite Colors
Problem 2. Favorite Colors
USACO 2020 US Open Contest, Gold
Each of Farmer John's cows () has a favorite color. The cows are conveniently labeled (as always), and each color can be represented by an integer in the range .
There exist pairs of cows such that cow admires cow (). It is possible that , in which case a cow admires herself. For any color , if cows and both admire a cow with favorite color , then and share the same favorite color.
Given this information, determine an assignment of cows to favorite colors such that the number of distinct favorite colors among all cows is maximized. As there are multiple assignments that satisfy this property, output the lexicographically smallest one (meaning that you should take the assignment that minimizes the colors assigned to cows in that order).
INPUT FORMAT (file fcolor.in):
The first line contains and .
The next lines each contain two space-separated integers and (), denoting that cow admires cow . The same pair may appear more than once in the input.
OUTPUT FORMAT (file fcolor.out):
For each in , output the color of cow in the desired assignment on a new line.
SAMPLE INPUT:
9 12 1 2 4 2 5 8 4 6 6 9 2 9 8 7 8 3 7 1 9 4 3 5 3 4
SAMPLE OUTPUT:
1 2 3 1 1 2 3 2 3
In the image below, the circles with bolded borders represent the cows with favorite color 1.
SCORING: Test cases 2-3 satisfy . Test cases 4-10 satisfy no additional constraints.
Problem credits: William Lin and Benjamin Qi